Designing 2D Materials

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In this activity, learners model super-thin 2D materials and investigate how tiny changes in structure can affect material properties. Learners use gelatin to make smooth and “defective” material models, adding rice, cereal, or cuts to represent different kinds of defects, then observe how milk flows across each surface. After comparing the models, learners design and test a new 2D material that directs the flow of milk from one point to another.

Quick Guide

Preparation Time:
10 to 30 minutes
Learning Time:
1 to 2 hours
Estimated Materials Cost:
$5 - $10 per group of students
Age Range:
Ages 11 - adult
Resource Type:
Activity
Language:
English

Materials List (per group of students)

  • 16-oz. package of Jell-O or other gelatin dessert (any flavor)
  • 2 cups hot water
  • 2 cups cold water
  • 7 coated paper plates (or more for additional experimentation)
  • Uncooked rice
  • Chunky cereal (like Chex or similar size and texture)
  • Milk (about 1 cup)
  • 2-cup liquid measuring cup
  • Mixing bowl
  • Spoon for mixing
  • Table knife
  • Baking tray with raised edges
  • Small paper cup (or any easy-to-pour container)
  • Pen or marker
  • A few sheets of paper
  • (Optional) Smartphone or camera for recording video

Keywords

Subjects

  • Physical Sciences
    • Structure and Properties of Matter
    • States of Matter
      • Liquids
      • Solids
  • Engineering and Technology
    • Engineering
      • Nanotechnology
      • Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
    • Technology
      • Manufacturing
  • The Nature of Science
    • The Scientific Process
      • Conducting Investigations
      • Gathering Data

Informal Categories

  • Food and Cooking

Audience

To use this activity, learners need to:

  • see

Culture, ethnicity, and gender

Other

Components that are part of this resource:

Includes alignment to state and/or national standards:

This resource is part of:

Access Rights:

  • Free access

By:

  • Penn State University; The Franklin Institute

Rights:

  • All rights reserved, Penn State University, 2021

Funding Source:

  • National Science Foundation, DMR-2011839

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