Lemon Freeze

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In this activity, learners investigate how different processes can change the final properties of a material. Learners make a lemon ice mixture, freeze half of it without disturbing it, and stir the other half every 30 minutes as it freezes. By comparing the “still” and “stirred” lemon ices, learners explore how processing can affect texture, freezing, and the properties of a finished material.

 

Quick Guide

Preparation Time:
10 to 30 minutes
Learning Time:
30 to 45 minutes
Estimated Materials Cost:
$5 - $10 per group of students
Age Range:
Ages 8 - adult
Resource Type:
Activity
Language:
English

Materials List (per group of students)

  • Masking tape
  • Masking tape
  • 4 cups hot water
  • 1 cup sugar
  • 1/2 cup measuring cup
  • Grater or lemon zester
  • Ice cube tray or muffin pan
  • Mixing bowl
  • Small stirring spoon
  • Knife
  • Pen

Keywords

Subjects

  • Physical Sciences
    • Heat and Thermodynamics
    • Chemistry
      • Solutions
  • The Nature of Science
    • The Scientific Process
      • Gathering Data
      • Conducting Investigations
  • Engineering and Technology
    • Engineering
      • Metallurgy and Materials Engineering

Informal Categories

  • Food and Cooking

Audience

To use this activity, learners need to:

  • see
  • smell
  • taste

Culture, ethnicity, and gender

Other

Components that are part of this resource:

Includes alignment to state and/or national standards:

This resource is part of:

Access Rights:

  • Free access

By:

  • Penn State University; The Franklin Institute

Rights:

  • All rights reserved, Penn State University, 2021

Funding Source:

  • National Science Foundation, DMR-2011839

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