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Why Doesn’t the Ocean Freeze?
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In this activity, learners explore how salt water freezes in comparison to fresh water.
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It's a Gas, Man
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In this activity, learners discover if carbon dioxide has an effect on temperature.
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Cool Trees
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This warm weather activity introduces learners to the impact trees have on blocking the sun's heat and reducing temperature on the Earth's surface.
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My Angle on Cooling: Effects of Distance and Inclination
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In this activity, learners discover that one way to cool an object in the presence of a heat source is to increase the distance from it or change the angle at which it is faced.
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Weather Stations: Phase Change
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In this activity, learners observe the water cycle in action! Water vapor in a tumbler condenses on chilled aluminum foil — producing the liquid form of water familiar to us as rain and dew.
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Pie-Pan Convection
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It's difficult to see convection currents in any liquid that's undergoing a temperature change, but in this Exploratorium Science Snack, you can see the currents with the help of food coloring.
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Cooling the Mummy's Tomb
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In this activity, learners conduct an experiment to help Pharaoh design a better insulated tomb.
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Conduction Countdown
Source Institutions
In this quick SciGirls activity (page 1 of the PDF under SciGirls Activity: Doghouse Design), learners will be introduced to the concept of thermal conductivity.
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Sinking Water
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In this experiment, learners float colored ice cubes in hot and cold water.
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Turning the Air Upside Down: Convection Current Model
Learners see convection currents in action in this highly visual demonstration. Sealed bags of colored hot or cold water are immersed in tanks of water.
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Physical Change
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In this activity, learners use heat to separate zinc and copper in a penny. This experiment demonstrates physical properties and how physical change (phase change) can be used to separate matter.
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Meltdown
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In this activity, learners heat ice and water of the same temperature to get a hands-on look at phase changes. This is an easy and inexpensive way to introduce states of matter and thermodynamics.
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That Sinking Feeling
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In this quick activity, learners observe how salinity and temperature affect the density of water, to better understand the Great Ocean Conveyor.
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Inverted Bottles
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In this activity, learners investigate convection by using food coloring and water of different temperatures.
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Condensation
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In this activity, learners explore the process of condensation.
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Make Your Own Deep-Sea Vent
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In this activity, learners make a model of the hot water of a deep sea vent in the cold water of the ocean to learn about one of the ocean's most amazing and bizarre underwater habitats.
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Magical Match
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In this demonstration, learners will be "wowed" as three matches burn to form a triangular pyramid shape and "magically" rise off the table.
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Geyser
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This Exploratorium activity can be used in many contexts because geysers are great opportunities for learning about heat and temperature changes as well as geological/space science phenomena.
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Turning the Air Upside Down: Warm Air is Less Dense than Cool Air
Learners cover a bottle with a balloon. When they immerse the bottle in warm water, the balloon inflates. When they immerse the bottle in a bowl of ice, the balloon deflates.
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Weather Stations: Winds
Source Institutions
In this activity, learners use a toaster to generate wind and compare the appliance's heat source to Jupiter's own hot interior. Learners discover that convection drives wind on Jupiter and on Earth.