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In this activity, learners explore how salt water freezes in comparison to fresh water.

In this activity (pages 3-4), learners investigate the properties of smart materials, which are materials that respond to things that happen around them.

Learners observe working lava lamps to understand how they work (included in PDF link).

In this activity (page 6 of the PDF), learners will observe both a chemical and a physical change.

Learners investigate one factor affecting reaction rates: temperature. In a darkened room, two identical lightsticks are placed in water -- one in hot water and one in cold water.

In this activity learners compare the bounciness of warm and cold racquetballs to see if temperature makes a difference in how well they bounce.

Learners investigate signs of a chemical reaction when they mix vinegar and baking soda. In addition to a gas being produced, learners also notice the temperature decreases.

This lesson focuses on two simple activities that younger learners can do to gain an appreciation of nanotechnology. First, learners measure their hands in nanometers.

It's difficult to see convection currents in any liquid that's undergoing a temperature change, but in this Exploratorium Science Snack, you can see the currents with the help of food coloring.

In this activity on page 7 of the PDF, learners investigate the solubility of gas in water at different temperatures. This experiment will help learners determine if temperature affects solubility.

In this activity, learners conduct a controlled experiment to examine how temperature will affect the height of a soda geyser.

In this chemistry meets cooking activity, learners make carbonated, vanilla ice cream using dry ice and denatured ethanol, which are both inexpensive and accessible.

In this activity (pages 13-14), learners investigate the properties of smart materials, which are materials that respond to things that happen around them.

In this quick activity, learners observe how salinity and temperature affect the density of water, to better understand the Great Ocean Conveyor.

In this activity, learners make a model of the hot water of a deep sea vent in the cold water of the ocean to learn about one of the ocean's most amazing and bizarre underwater habitats.

In two separate bags, learners mix water with Epsom salts and detergent.

In this activity (pages 5-7), learners investigate the properties of smart materials, which are materials that respond to things that happen around them.

This Exploratorium activity can be used in many contexts because geysers are great opportunities for learning about heat and temperature changes as well as geological/space science phenomena.

Learners design their own experiment to compare how well cocoa mix dissolves in cold and hot water. They will see that cocoa mix dissolves much better in hot water. Adult supervision recommended.

Learners add calcium chloride to a baking soda solution and observe an increase in temperature along with the production of a gas and a white precipitate. These are all signs of a chemical reaction.