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In this activity, learners use cheap, thin plastic garbage bags to quickly build a solar hot air balloon. In doing so, learners will explore why hot air rises.

$1 - $5 per group Ages 8 - 14 10 to 30 minutes
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Learners observe working lava lamps to understand how they work (included in PDF link).

$10 - $20 per group Ages 8 - adult 10 to 30 minutes
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In this activity, learners build a hot air balloon using just a few sheets of tissue paper and a hair dryer.

$1 - $5 per student Ages 6 - 18 30 to 45 minutes
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In this quick activity, learners use a toaster to investigate the source for the Earth's wind. Learners hold a pinwheel above a toaster to discover that rising heat causes wind.

free Ages 4 - 14 Under 5 minutes
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In this activity, learners make their own heat waves in an aquarium.

$5 - $10 per group Ages 8 - 18 10 to 30 minutes
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Using two baby food jars, food coloring, and an index card, you'll 'marry' the jars to see how hot water and cold water mix.

$1 - $5 per group Ages 6 - 11 5 to 10 minutes
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It's difficult to see convection currents in any liquid that's undergoing a temperature change, but in this Exploratorium Science Snack, you can see the currents with the help of food coloring.

1 cent - $1 per student Ages 8 - 18 10 to 30 minutes
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In this activity, learners create a model of a hot air balloon using tissue paper and a hairdryer. Educators can use this activity to introduce learners to density and its role in why things float.

$5 - $10 per group Ages 6 - 14 1 to 2 hours
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In this kinesthetic activity that demonstrates pressure, learners act as air molecules in a "container" as defined by a rope.

free Ages 8 - 14 10 to 30 minutes
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In this activity, learners explore how hot and cold water move. Learners observe that temperature and density affect how liquids rise and fall.

$1 - $5 per student Ages 4 - 11 45 to 60 minutes
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In this activity, learners visualize the differences in water density and relate this to the potential consequences of increased glacial melting.

$5 - $10 per group Ages 8 - 14 2 to 4 hours
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In this quick activity (located on page 2 of the PDF under GPS: Balloon Fiesta Activity), learners will see the effects of convection and understand what makes hot air balloons rise.

1 cent - $1 per group Ages 8 - 14 10 to 30 minutes
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Learners assemble a hot-air balloon from tissue paper. The heated air (from a heat gun) inside the balloon is less dense than the surrounding air and causes the balloon to float.

$1 - $5 per student Ages 8 - 18 30 to 45 minutes
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In this quick activity, learners observe how salinity and temperature affect the density of water, to better understand the Great Ocean Conveyor.

1 cent - $1 per group Ages 6 - 14 5 to 10 minutes
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In this activity, learners will explore saturated solutions and discover how crystals form.

$1 - $5 per student Ages 4 - 14 10 to 30 minutes
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In this activity, learners add food coloring to hot and cold water in order to see how fluids at different temperatures move around in convection currents.

$1 - $5 per group Ages 8 - adult 5 to 10 minutes
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In this activity, learners explore the concept of density by pouring 5 different liquids into a jar. Food coloring is added if needed to give each liquid a distinct color.

$1 - $5 per student Ages 4 - 14 5 to 10 minutes
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In this activity, learners use a toaster to generate wind and compare the appliance's heat source to Jupiter's own hot interior. Learners discover that convection drives wind on Jupiter and on Earth.

1 cent - $1 per group Ages 8 - 14 10 to 30 minutes
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In this activity, learners explore the concept of density-driven currents (thermohaline circulation) and how these currents are affected by climate change.

$10 - $20 per group Ages 8 - adult 1 to 2 hours
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Learners investigate how the temperature of water affects its density.

$1 - $5 per group Ages 8 - 14 10 to 30 minutes