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In this activity, learners use multiple thermometers, placed at different angles, and a lamp to investigate why some places on Earth's surface are much hotter than others.

In this activity, learners experiment and observe how the color of materials that cover the Earth affects the amounts of sunlight our planet absorbs.

In this lesson that includes hands-on activities and demonstrations, learners discover that it is the tilt of the Earth's axis (not its proximity to the sun) that causes the seasons.

In this activity, learners explore why the sky is blue. Learners model the scattering of light by the atmosphere, which creates the blue sky and red sunset, using a flashlight and clear glue sticks.

In this activity, learners make a miniature greenhouse or "terrarium" to explore the greenhouse effect.

In this activity on page 27, learners perform an experiment to learn about how different types of marine debris degrade and how weather and sunlight affect the rate of degradation.

In this astrobiology activity (on page 11 of the PDF), learners consider what organisms need in order to live (water, nutrients, and energy).

In this activity, learners create a "mini sky" in a glass of water in a dark room.

In this group activity, learners consider environmental conditions—temperature, presence of water, atmosphere, sunlight, and chemical composition—on planets and moons in our solar system to determine

Glare from the sun and ripples from the wind can make it hard to see what's below the surface of a body of water.

In this math activity related to light, learners assemble a photometer and use it to estimate the power output of the Sun.

In this optics activity, learners explore why the sky is blue and the sunset is red, using a simple setup comprising a transparent plastic box, water, and powdered milk.