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In this geology activity, learners create a model using a mixture of salt and sand inside a CD case. When the case is tilted or inverted, the mixture dramatically sorts into a layered pattern.

In this activity, learners discover that as the salinity of water increases, the density increases as well. Learners prove this by attempting to float fresh eggs in saltwater and freshwater.

In this quick activity, learners observe how the added sugar in a can of soda affects its density and thus, its ability to float in water.

In this activity, learners investigate the Moon's infancy and model how an ocean of molten rock (magma) helped shape the Moon that we see today.

In this quick activity, learners use a toaster to investigate the source for the Earth's wind. Learners hold a pinwheel above a toaster to discover that rising heat causes wind.

It's difficult to see convection currents in any liquid that's undergoing a temperature change, but in this Exploratorium Science Snack, you can see the currents with the help of food coloring.

In this quick and easy activity and/or demonstration, learners illustrate the effect of the weight of air over our heads.

In this activity, learners explore density, convection, stratification, and, by inference, the melting of icebergs. Learners make hypotheses, test their hypotheses, and explain their observations.

Learners see convection currents in action in this highly visual demonstration. Sealed bags of colored hot or cold water are immersed in tanks of water.

In this activity, learners visualize the differences in water density and relate this to the potential consequences of increased glacial melting.

This activity (located on page 3 of the PDF under GPS: Lava Flow Activity) is a full inquiry investigation into the relationship between an object’s mass and the distance it is thrown by a catapult.

In this quick activity, learners observe how salinity and temperature affect the density of water, to better understand the Great Ocean Conveyor.

In this activity, learners investigate convection by using food coloring and water of different temperatures.

In this activity and/or demonstration, learners illustrate visually and physically that air has weight. Learners balance two equally-inflated balloons hanging from string on a yard stick.

Learners cover a bottle with a balloon. When they immerse the bottle in warm water, the balloon inflates. When they immerse the bottle in a bowl of ice, the balloon deflates.

In this activity, learners use a toaster to generate wind and compare the appliance's heat source to Jupiter's own hot interior. Learners discover that convection drives wind on Jupiter and on Earth.

In this activity, learners explore the concept of density-driven currents (thermohaline circulation) and how these currents are affected by climate change.

In this geography investigation, learners use a nighttime satellite image to observe areas of light across the United States and to identify patterns and spatial distributions of human settlements.

In this activity, learners practice the steps involved in a scientific investigation while learning why ice formations on land (not those on water) will cause a rise in sea level upon melting.

In this activity, learners will explore how density is affected by temperature and how that can create currents.